to kill all the animals or people in a particular place or of a particular type

Once cockroaches get into a building, it's very difficult to exterminate them. 一旦楼里有了蟑螂，就很难将其彻底消灭。

Millions of Jewish people were exterminated in concentration camps in the Second World War. 二战期间，数百万犹太人在集中营被集体屠杀。